The Washington Times has some comments
from the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) , which yesterday released an
analysis of the recently Senate passed Immigration Bill.
The CBO
says the $35 billion to be spent on 20,000 new border
patrol agents and fencing would stop between a third and a half a half of future illegal
immigrants.
Border Control Agents and Fencing The southern border of the US is 1954 miles long and Wikipedia
says 350,000 illegals cross this border each year http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_border. It Is apparent that 20,000 new border patrol agents and 350 miles
of new fencing would only serve as an additional deterrent to new border
crossing. I will not significantly dispute the CBO estimate of a 33 to 50%
reduction in illegal border crossings, but that may be on the high side.
Assuming a 50% reduction in effective illegal entries at the southern border,
the question is whether we want to spend $200,000 to eliminate one effective
illegal border crossing in a year. ($3.5 billion / 175,000 illegals). We could
amortize this over 10 years to give an unrealistic estimate of $2000 per
illegal, but it actually would be higher than that because of salary increases
for the 20,000 additional border control agents plus maintenance of
fencing.
$1 Trillion in New Tax Revenue However,
the larger objection I find with the CBO report concerns the statement that adding the additional workers,who are made legal by the
amnesty provisions of the Bill, will boost the economy and lead to nearly $1
trillion in new tax revenue over the next 20 years.
I don't see how adding additional workers made legal by
the amnesty provisions boosts the economy. I can see a consideration of income
tax revenues from new taxpayers formed by the declaration of amnesty.
There are an estimated 12 million illegals in the US (http://www.cis.org/amnesty-for-illegal-immigrants-and-the-employment-picture-for-less-educated-americans,). Eight million illegals are already estimated to be
employed. The 4 million illegals unemployed do not now pay income tax. The 8
million already employed likewise do not pay income tax, because their
illegality does not make it possible for them to do so.
With the creation
of amnesty, the 8 million employed and perhaps half of the 4 million unemployed
will be added to the federal income tax role for a total of 10 million
people
Illegal immigrants are generally unskilled, which means
they are likely to draw a minimum wage of $7.25 an hour. Employers also also
reduce medical expenses and other benefits for each employee by reducing worked
hours below 40 for week. If the average work week is 32 hours for a new amnesty
employee, yearly income will be $12,064 ($7.25 x 32 hours x 52 weeks).
One reference says that a family of 4 will pay 5.3 % of its
2103 income in federal income taxes. A family of 4 likely contains 2 children,
which means that for 2 new taxpayers in the family, the family tax bill will be
$1278 ($12064 x 2 x 5.3%). For the 10 million new taxpayers, the annual
increased tax revenue would be $6.4 billion or $128 billion over 20 years. This
is somewhat less than 10% of the $1 trillion claimed by
CBO.
Another reference involves the IRS withholding tax
calculator. For the "family of four", I assumed that each of the two adults
would be considered a head of family with one child as a dependent. Filling in
all the boxes with some reasonable deductions for medical expense and childcare,
the calculator reported, "Based on the information you previously entered, your
anticipated income tax for 2013 is $0. If you do not change your withholding
arrangement, your withholding for 2013 will equal your tax and you will have
nothing withheld. Your balance due will equal zero and you will not receive a
refund". In other words zero increased tax revenue per year from 10 million new
amnesty taxpayers.
The IRS also has an Unearned Income Tax Credit. The IRS
says, "The EITC Earned Income Tax Credit is a benefit for working people who
have low to moderate income. A tax credit means more money in your pocket. It
reduces the amount of the tax you owe and may also give you a refund".
To
determine the Unearned Income Tax Credit for new amnesty taxpayers with one
child, I used the EITC Assistant Tool ( http://www.irs.gov/Individuals/Earned-Income-Tax-Credit-(EITC)-%E2%80%93--Use-the-EITC-Assistant-to-Find-Out-if-You-Should-Claim-it.).
It reported, that the earned income tax credit is $3160. This is an IRS refund
to taxpayers, who already pay no tax. Assume that half of the 10 million new
amnesty tax payers apply for this credit. This calculates as a drain of $31.6
billion on tax revenue income to the federal government. Since the CBO likes 20
years, that's a negative $632 billion; a far cry from the positive $1 trillion
claimed by CBO.
I will grant that I've used some assumptions in
challenging the CBO claim of an increased $1 trillion in tax revenue over the
next 20 years, but these assumptions seem reasonable to me. Contrarily, I've not
seen any calculations or basis of estimates for the CBO claimed $1 trillion.